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谈英语俚语- a! N- i& P7 _* |2 {% [* V
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯# y9 q; {: D o. G
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。' F) E' S6 D- M1 O2 y1 n
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!# Q& V0 U7 S. R# Z
- T5 z+ l. p: {& _9 h(1) empty suit:3 f5 f& O) u1 R
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。2 [# L1 Y: ]: l5 J) D& m
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
7 _4 { m J. f* Z2 j; o例如:
$ ?: d( Q2 g9 {* c, k% p ]An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.( v- ^5 @3 H2 n0 s l
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
; ?! \' I; R* `9 uMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.7 o3 D- x0 O( W$ c
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
8 g, m8 u" {4 f- Q3 ?虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:, U+ Q; S2 c [
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
: c: ]9 m( r# n p4 _3 F. K(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
# i8 c! M6 i. P" e(2) fair-haired boy:( h8 w/ D( [; ?, v4 j
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
D# x2 i7 F9 a) r) ~& {2 B(通常用单数,当名词用)
. f" B8 y4 W# j& y w* X例如:" f2 h" a i# ~6 W( Z% j. [& u
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.4 s) U+ H3 X$ M: V9 ]; j; P
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。). T" B, b/ K* t' G0 R$ a
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
3 H" E1 L: L* I# [8 A) W. s! z(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
. S" ~9 r, {9 d6 P/ G/ Y有时也可用复数:0 u+ z f2 N0 @4 l" r, w
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
3 _( K) e) C3 n6 L5 m(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。). L4 g; e% W4 a7 Y; e6 O" i
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
4 K+ W! o) o9 Z% @6 e$ J% ]" N0 t(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
0 {; e2 G6 {8 t. O(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
( k4 ^) P4 E( D( H0 P5 @! H) G(3) fishing expedition:: N0 T, {7 W. f) R) k5 `+ O) M
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
' D* C) x3 p) u7 L(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)- d: k$ f4 I: `9 E8 q% X; J8 y
例如:! U; p3 ?8 _7 g. ?9 c
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
" z4 X) g, ?6 S5 m- C1 B8 e, A7 N(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)3 l4 L9 y, X& p+ |5 {
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
! X( N+ Z2 Y% g. B- i; \(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
$ f# C1 F. k5 h(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)1 B7 `* h2 \! t- k3 d
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
. k! r* l' N* O' l1 _$ U(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)$ a5 V3 [8 E+ n9 l/ c
偶尔也有人用复数:8 b# J; P0 U5 X5 z# s) s4 o, e; o+ \% l
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
w- F) |* S2 i5 A/ A(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
1 x+ I. ^, ?- z" J5 v% a- l5 z* T, w(4) filthy rich:
/ n8 b0 L/ Y+ m意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
# L, r }% Q0 Z% U, M(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
3 d$ i, S3 a& I' @6 Q多半当形容词用。例如:
5 M k# [& A+ Z7 B3 `With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
% B+ C4 B. J; r1 ?3 g( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
g! V" ?3 d8 ^' D2 SDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
9 \: r1 Y0 e4 e3 d(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)! E; O; T" s* Z1 [) p
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.! V2 L& r+ z1 s6 k
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)( S' j5 t. _+ M) y7 b2 ^( o5 X- o
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
+ r+ M& k/ l: {$ I6 @) w(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)/ t5 `( g- S8 @. V4 ?: N5 n+ m
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
/ Y( n7 W& Q* K% X(5) fairy godmother:
, E k. z7 p) A8 {指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
$ X: V) z: M r) W4 f% D(多半指有钱的女人)
# P7 S- v Y- H(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
/ \& V4 z: F" I+ V3 L9 O+ V8 KMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.1 P3 ~5 E8 \( E' ~# K- t
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)% C+ @, d1 X( x9 v; U! ~ p
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
' ^: ]5 ?7 {6 r% `. R Q9 B(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
! `! ]# }, D& N. R) |有时也用复数:+ F; V% f$ E* g/ H8 I4 q" S# W
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
5 ?5 r% M3 |$ B% _9 I- u(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
% |+ g+ w1 X, c5 ]- [% hIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
+ ~ q4 X( _% i. |; R; h9 d. n(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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1 g- L; _0 L! m0 k# h6)eye opener:
# d& I! ^+ L `' _指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion): e D% g/ a2 J3 b( l
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
7 Z/ C: q& u6 {0 z5 t5 A# @1 U例如:
( o0 b3 n: D- mYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
3 B4 p6 B' K* M(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
1 D: ^, \9 T7 {2 V/ o" PMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
, h& T! Y7 a y- U0 x(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)$ A! X2 ]' G6 `/ l4 ~
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
) ]! { b( ~9 J. \, }+ g(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 ?# e/ f. K( x1 h! vSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
" W7 W+ \1 S7 N(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)' E2 T1 g4 O9 ?6 c, h
(7) hot dog:
/ l# C& ~" `8 y# i( [# d. `) V7 C5 g指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
' L3 s# N9 ~7 E b# F" O3 ]# t例如:
7 t$ j6 E. m7 S D/ ~+ Q) G$ XSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.( b7 Y6 A0 b$ D+ P3 E: s4 _
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。): M- ]$ U+ [/ R7 O
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
5 z5 P$ J9 T6 g; K+ g8 M6 pIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
: e7 S, [% X$ }(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
5 f% c5 W% C2 O: X- e p( i(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)9 n: \3 a6 u+ m& ^" ?/ a) X m; n
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer./ d$ ?6 B( |3 Z7 j! O
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。) C5 m* @! u* a6 b5 l. \8 H
也指真正的热狗食物:
! v/ h/ f. ?* `5 Y, {. f- O$ UThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
. q; @- `3 C/ [7 f, A* |5 X! U& Y+ Q(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
: N% W& c, W1 K7 x/ G也可表达欣赏的心情:
8 t8 k+ x% ^5 c# @2 m: f* ?& wHot dog ! What great news for me.9 Q; D' x+ M* g6 d% m
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& u+ G8 U3 H. K(8)eager beaver:" j6 c4 y1 w, [% n0 r) u
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)7 v# C4 [- K$ A. {* q$ d
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 o' E' k; k j* W8 t' Z- w(当名词用,可指男女)/ x& @) e: F: I+ h$ B0 T( [3 d: c
例如:
: q9 u% |8 H- d7 @* kJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
/ Z* v/ I. }% s4 D$ r(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)" w4 D4 M8 Y$ k- z
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.& C$ {) r2 ~4 k: ~
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ B6 g- H" `* O, ?: @
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?, M J V3 G+ R; c
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)$ c( [% b6 k6 l
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.. H4 l# c* c5 y
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
" I9 ]' U5 E1 E! p0 R: `6 Q(9)doubting Thomas:
( v9 z# H8 H: y9 ^7 e5 n+ w这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
# u- |' h# H! L6 G4 I# n$ u: {! }4 ^(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
% C9 V }6 s- `0 ]6 K$ H {(当名词用)- C9 S0 w3 G( ~( _' ^- X O5 }+ P! X
例如:; ]5 K2 F0 F8 J8 i, U: [1 R2 |
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
" @% _- D3 L( O! {( z! r' d6 z. x8 _9 i2 }(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)- O" A- y+ `+ V* _8 l! r6 y; C
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
7 b$ \0 G; J$ x4 [* Q(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
: T* H. ]! x" ?' i, Z1 m7 i也可用复数:
' @* D( J) n! L7 o" z# N0 E7 TMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
: @0 X9 g" R6 Q: r(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。). c3 h; I5 n% o
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.- c+ y+ O9 N8 y! H8 U) n* E
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
! X$ u, M- f; \. ?8 i" w(10)dragon lady:
: H6 S! l( Q8 t2 \( y0 j指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
5 a- Y' j+ V2 F0 ^2 Q, B6 v( G例如:" h2 p0 l2 Z9 |' x
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
! e, t- V+ x1 ~5 p( s) h(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)4 a: {$ ?3 q" x3 e" d4 a! p1 b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.6 b* M* A# r7 ~8 w
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
, N% f L: q; ~: ]( r/ h* eShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
6 {% I9 }# O" D! I+ S(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
4 {# t2 c: R/ O* Q! |5 M也可用复数:. j% e5 Z4 G; L$ q
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.) Q& L2 R& z; l7 R- ~% O# t
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
" W8 v1 {( @$ O9 o注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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