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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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+ {$ B7 h/ d6 E8 ~- D" e& `在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
" h# ?3 ?6 D1 {7 v之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
. g9 G6 C; i. c. r; l( z若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:% E6 A; u  q; z" k' w9 O" n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。' _0 g3 H+ B) |9 {- ^' E
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。); `5 i  b4 p3 h3 Q5 o$ V0 |: H
例如:
' D5 P: d. ?5 JAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
8 v; ^3 \. B: R+ J: n5 v3 H! r(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
2 X' _% |# R+ T/ f9 q6 A; t  ?Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.$ E- e9 Y- r4 r5 s" f4 h
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)8 `" Q4 }$ a8 w! z8 B
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:# x$ ^3 |+ e% ]6 g, Y
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.' `2 y4 R! M# j/ X# ^9 r
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人): v0 m" x, L" u# z7 a8 U) ~
(2) fair-haired boy:
+ s) ^7 V+ ]& c1 m6 q指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
# k6 K7 \: e, k# Q4 r; W9 L(通常用单数,当名词用)
) \; a+ C/ Y. k1 W; F3 b例如:* Z1 `$ o1 X: I; V/ ]
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.1 r( i% ~+ @" K3 B  w
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
% ~2 N% A* L0 F7 JNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.$ @' i) c2 w. y6 k: N
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)) p3 Y: u1 ?. w/ B9 S/ k1 [
有时也可用复数:
6 Y" ]& Q& _( T( ~- t6 zMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.( y& B6 T- g) r0 i$ q) f1 m) P8 `# @
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)+ k' D0 \$ ~# }6 h3 q7 \
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.8 L, F' X0 y3 k+ |
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
& o( J# |$ ?9 S(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)* D7 ~2 @% [  B
(3) fishing expedition:
1 L8 ]9 L5 F: m$ e; K8 ~为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
9 r4 P. d+ [7 J; V/ ~(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)9 _) j. B. l- U$ _9 v
例如:
% e) ~' ~+ ]# R' O7 QThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
" x" T. B9 B: B! N$ Q8 B(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
6 L" \) H% O# I- l! _# uThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
+ @4 U8 l5 X6 x: v$ ^2 D7 @(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
  a: W7 Z: j9 o5 ~! [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)* }$ Y! L9 p' Z" E& N6 j7 [' d
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
6 R, \# N9 N  W(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)5 z; V: o! ]8 h" ]; v
偶尔也有人用复数:; j8 K! [, }- }" [) y# G
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
; T# ?' _8 T5 h+ E(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)) b8 F# k5 Z& N. T, f8 K
(4) filthy rich:8 s8 ^# Y3 t! \' F( X
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
) z7 F/ l3 S; C$ N, \(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
6 c1 Y0 ^$ W+ w# H! Q3 g' @7 v8 |多半当形容词用。例如:; S  r( D& ]( ^! S, }" L0 f# Y* _$ Y! J
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.5 [! C" E2 \+ s& @" s" {' N
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
8 E3 T; u7 L( T$ m3 X9 nDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
, a( E: k' ]8 _' n) b7 d, O(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)# A$ S5 c: r1 W9 ~5 ^; ^0 g: X
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
8 h7 L1 b* f1 q' I6 G* R8 u9 n/ ?(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
: A8 p, L) C$ }$ T& G& zFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.- ?+ b: j- b6 a: C4 @" x
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)+ R$ f( A( Y) R2 e+ w/ a
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)5 M" I/ I! i5 @$ ?5 W& H: t
(5) fairy godmother:
+ P: ]3 O/ O: z+ l: h! m指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance), I; H: s# g3 X3 u" Y
(多半指有钱的女人)5 U4 e7 p8 }1 m) D+ x
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
( l# w/ ~9 q0 z* {Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
  H, Q0 w, G+ v, U/ B) A9 w(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。), }$ R. I4 A2 h0 M, n1 r  n
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.6 C: ^+ Y- H7 c* ?
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)  q0 `: M6 b# Q4 n( O3 U* V
有时也用复数:
, I8 p* d8 d8 G3 b5 s) I; d( EOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
( v, [, f. r. K* J8 U(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
3 }1 W! i' n3 g. BIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
! F6 }* ?0 {% T1 |3 i6 Y(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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# ?6 I. S. E; U% H6)eye opener:
. o1 u: ^( x+ y1 }0 e指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
) a. @& q! n7 b. {( {(当名词用;通常只用单数)
# z9 _1 l* ^! U, J! B例如:  |/ I1 o$ `9 ?
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters./ _4 O* C' T" N( B
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)4 w6 a- \8 w$ t7 q
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
# @. X  Z& j6 c% i& u! H1 X( y. \8 L(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)( h/ E5 X. G. k: ]% \
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.7 _+ B4 K4 M* ^- _! X* j
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
+ R  k" p9 K5 @& j0 }Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
+ M3 M' g6 B! H7 n6 i- G% c( K' _(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)% p: }* U$ ^- m2 z0 F! ?
(7) hot dog:
, _: C) ?$ @% `0 [/ n3 q指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
+ e% G+ E; ?' b' B. x例如:
. A& u' k1 f$ D8 P( I+ _Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.# I& s( i9 j! s7 U( {" E# k
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)) R: `, r. b- \/ ~& Q8 T6 f
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# B9 W% I, ~' |5 W- {In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
( Z! H! H9 t. L(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
( h% @/ O  r/ z7 a/ p& E(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)- j5 V4 E, A/ F9 h& R& U
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.  L9 D( a! A/ E7 @
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
. P4 Z8 E9 p& b8 \% h  u, E/ @( p( M也指真正的热狗食物:5 T+ g0 d7 l4 t9 h+ i& X* ?
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.1 U/ g/ u9 u: x" L7 q6 s
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
6 b2 B8 x  l, x# B也可表达欣赏的心情:
! U) `8 I# m; ^& w7 Q) |) vHot dog ! What great news for me.& |; B5 B5 P/ m% w, M" T$ _
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
& H; l% M" \/ z* w(8)eager beaver:
+ G. I+ r$ W# v指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)! r# v! V# C5 O$ o3 w
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)& U% {# L$ `  U* M; Z
(当名词用,可指男女)) ]* v4 b, o. }0 m/ z6 ]
例如:* V7 a" Y; a+ W" |; m
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.4 l- t7 R- D6 H$ z+ }/ F7 u6 ?
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
. i# e8 E4 t* F  e1 J. uBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
- H6 j- e8 a8 d3 C, ~" G: i% A4 x(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)  X. j5 w' A7 G7 g6 T+ Q
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
" D8 S$ l" \. Y) g* E(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)4 m+ D% S, Q7 `% o
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
. J% y$ z9 b& u, y# h(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)* N4 P0 V/ Q3 J4 k/ O/ v
(9)doubting Thomas:* Q. J6 P1 z9 _' k$ b; F7 O
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
( {; [; Z( D% D. A% O" z  J2 u(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活), @, e# G: |0 h9 H+ }2 f
(当名词用)$ H3 y; x7 n  m( ~$ Y' }+ g" f
例如:
8 K% i, o- I% H' E$ k) hI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
+ y  |. |6 G$ d: p9 b(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)% c3 _- B4 Z, [" P! P, p& Q4 H
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
( r( c3 y! c, {$ p$ S(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
* h( @6 ^+ @. R- D# G8 G也可用复数:
+ D8 D/ O) U- c1 _$ P0 RMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
* J8 F3 V+ V3 t0 @3 O  N/ |2 j(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
4 b5 ~) c* |$ D# e5 g9 Q9 z( ~If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
/ Q  S2 m( J3 b' e3 L4 e( v1 k4 D(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)& z! {4 F' ?+ p# A# Y6 z
(10)dragon lady:. k- v! ?4 X2 l2 b/ E2 H3 g
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)& A: h6 x2 {, p
例如:
! s- o& X- w% C* ?# ~The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
6 i4 o! U% T/ @4 P(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
9 i6 `! h* s+ B9 i8 u) v3 E5 kI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.( b$ y) Z6 S+ q5 m; m5 E
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)/ y2 R8 L/ M! x3 D: g6 N9 e
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
6 y: |. d1 M' w8 ?(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)" O/ i9 a- J% J: P5 ?
也可用复数:
" r6 x" r$ q# E7 Z0 WThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.. [1 s3 V( a# N0 y/ v% l) ^
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)0 s$ H! D( u7 t- z% f8 j/ o5 O. E1 }
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
老柳教车
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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