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How to figure a home's fundamental value# D! e2 {( o3 _2 S
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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. Y1 F: K! S# Y- KNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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" R V' y" J! ^. F) t5 E3 I: DLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.# R2 L, S5 F. z) g: H' b3 f7 y e$ C
5 c5 r6 H/ ] i/ U: J3 Z* nTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:- [! \4 l5 a5 Z
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.9 V, p( [! _ Z/ P: A8 o, B
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.1 X" E T) ?0 B
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.6 [" r+ B$ o6 |* V- P% K
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.% e2 o. k: v0 S7 @) f$ F5 ^7 V
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.4 V4 Z& `: `; [! [) |' w d7 a3 M
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 7 S1 |# K# q# x; I
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 6 a8 \9 N6 \9 g% L& W g4 T
Boston 20.5 30.2 $ m5 t/ r5 Q4 k) d
San Diego 22.8 29.7 d' M1 U* L" f
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
; h0 @- v: C7 K1 GLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 X+ A. P& u4 b& x _3 i6 _9 _$ T
Seattle 20.4 25 4 k& K. c6 `7 K8 E; }
Denver 17.7 23.7 9 e0 X( T* i! A" [9 E2 h
New York 21.2 22.5 4 t7 D; M; |; c6 [8 O
Chicago 17.2 20.8
3 H l- N; M9 G7 [Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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' d4 T, G4 Y/ l$ ^$ H5 I) K tIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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