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给大家转一篇佛教与基督教的论文:(英文版)
On the Paradox of Universal Love and Religious Hate
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( I8 W( ?8 R: [' |! p. z----A Comparative Study of Buddhism and Christianity
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, Q! V0 q7 }: I. J, X# g; _% wQingping Liu
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Christianity highlights the idea of neighbor-love very much and has had a great positive influence upon the Western cultural tradition. However, its doctrine not only clearly puts loving God above loving neighbor, but also firmly maintains that those non-Christians, who insist on not converting to Christianity, commit a mortal sin and thus should be hated merely due to this very reason alone. So, its idea of neighbor-love falls into an in-depth paradox, which has played a significant role in bringing out some religious conflicts and wars launched by Christianity against other religions in history.. S5 U( o3 ?' b( ]4 z
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Buddhism highlights the ideas of karuna (compassion) and metta (loving-kindness) very much and has had a great positive influence upon the East-Asian cultural tradition. Although emphasizing the supremacy of Buddha and hoping that everyone should believe in Buddha, its doctrine does not maintain that those non-Buddhists, who insist on not converting to Buddhism, commit a mortal sin and thus should be hated merely due to this very reason alone. So, its ideas of karuna and metta have a stronger universality in theory, and Buddhism has seldom launched religious conflicts and wars against other religions merely due to pure religious reasons in history.
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It is ironic that almost every religion preaches the idea of universal love on the one hand, whereas there have been many religious conflicts and even wars in history on the other hand. One of the reasons for it is: some religions demand that their followers should hate those devotees of other religion in the spiritual life merely in order to maintain the sole supremacy of their God or gods. The key to prevent such phenomena is to dissolve these exclusive or hostile theist elements in religions and to base their doctrines on a universal humanist idea. In fact, the contrast between Buddhism and Christianity in this problem is that Christianity regards God as the sole Lord overriding anything else, whose main concern is to maintain his transcendental supremacy, whereas Buddhism regards Buddha as a wise man with enlightenment, whose main concern is the liberation of humankind.' g9 `# ^ L; P
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( E5 i; |: x, k3 z7 dKey Word: neighbor-love karuna metta religious hate paradox |
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