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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ( G4 T9 ~: o+ S6 A3 x
, i" O* }& i# V$ Z0 l! jhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106884 S5 l6 V! J9 t, Q+ \9 h
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China0 u) z& J# h; e, V* R8 d
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
J% M, U& V: V" jFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. u# _0 p1 W2 j. A( z$ ^7 D
0 a$ H5 x! h6 n+ W0 b* b; H7 S9 [LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 t& L" o$ c5 a4 M2 K0 _
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ Z$ X9 R: G: j; }8 x1 |
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) . ]3 D1 e9 c1 Z2 C8 _2 y" P: z
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
6 ]( d3 h& d1 L" `: WPublished online 26 January 2018
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7 ^ ]7 d( a I, w! [! hAbstract% w: L5 x! q* g6 W- p- M* S& P
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
- a# v# u6 c1 Q$ mDynasty who came to China and was employed by The; w M. E6 S. ?! t. G7 O0 B
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been" W- T: g A4 S- v/ }
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
7 y! E$ n' w+ b+ Vonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific! T6 S0 d4 U/ M9 n# ]: u
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly$ M# m0 |) v; t
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
: V6 l0 |2 G% o: e# Htranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s, P; V( x8 t& Y! g; g+ ]
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
; q; {+ ~$ g# m2 k) O' rand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the! d8 Q. J1 ^5 `' C, ?
standardization of the scientific terminology translation& _( f6 F0 T) g' s5 `
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien; H( \% H! i$ R" _5 _" n
he established had helped greatly with the popularization# L$ m2 e$ d/ {% o3 o }7 X
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring* n8 Z2 i$ P B
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way, K4 x% u1 `2 e& Q: o% o
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
$ z C H/ Q$ `, S& p9 y5 m) U% q* ?that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a* U# p& i. |1 e4 \
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
& d! J- I4 R7 J/ V! T! e0 tterminology.
/ p3 q+ O {3 M. ?* e5 L$ z$ OKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;; L* E( x" B G) D
Standardization of terminology translation
8 I, _: y K( J! ]! t8 cYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
* O& Y/ D/ l- _Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern" Z( a% G# s" d' f5 R7 Z+ }
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available( X: N' E1 G& Z% Y* f6 N
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
7 ?5 b; O- R7 K# m% k/ x% ~DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102132 L% N1 M# a$ [
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8 ]/ i( Q# l# r. l5 v* B3 GINTRODUCTION
* s- H' B3 o+ eJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
9 n$ h' }' v- H- x+ t. Q5 Na great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
( P7 L) E3 k s, r" S( GDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to2 [: N/ v {# f& _' V
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
! c) [2 S+ w' {. USt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
% ~, s+ W" p$ D! \4 _; a0 Uby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
' ?0 ?% @4 G; k2 z" b2 z q: nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
+ T5 `: B3 I C4 W! u7 X9 h* u6 ~- {" }his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-$ ~+ N% G8 A! H, w+ `
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific! B! P4 d! b9 c& e* r; a5 L2 S
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
( M# _9 u" }- y. qFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
" w$ v$ a; d) C* ^0 SNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
( ?8 Y5 J8 _$ [! \3 k2 I* `) K6 Kto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
6 V5 q6 R6 c2 D! N( Hwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,' A0 n! y) O, {7 n: k1 D
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,% m2 t- K. ^" d
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
9 x/ [7 m4 |8 }% gbooks that made him the most productive one among the
% T+ f* f4 H3 L% S/ R( zforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
7 a) p* b8 R* A _0 J {translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
5 Q$ a8 L9 e* e- I7 W: E3 ~# T' Onoble work which could help accelerate the process of
* N4 Y* |; l* P' J# `( xpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).) y. }) |. m/ O6 t: P2 S- k0 @
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
) S2 Z) {- W& V/ Oalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
6 p9 y1 j3 j4 Kscience and the standardization of translated scientific h" K8 ^2 C* o8 A& O# W0 Y
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific% k' \5 k' @" g( ?6 ?5 S
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
$ X# d' t, v8 ^1 H$ |8 h! [establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
- D, @1 ~) u6 N5 m x, Ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
! o- R: g8 o% ?of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
: i1 h8 c# s3 ]Modern China.6 ]" C# Y7 p: _& C0 P- S0 M
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published; ]$ n; U. l* e7 x
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
% p t8 T2 i7 T, E1 ktravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
1 Q/ X9 k8 F/ k2 S! `4 s' Za lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
" D7 ^; }2 R# q+ p8 f/ hJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
( u$ c( u+ x4 H1 e9 f" m# lTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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